MFA & Identity
Hardening
Identity is the new perimeter — most breaches start with a stolen or phished credential. Here's how to make accounts genuinely hard to take over, not just "MFA-enabled."
Attackers don't break in anymore — they log in. Phished passwords, credential stuffing, session-token theft and MFA-fatigue attacks all aim at one thing: a valid identity. Once they have it, they look legitimate to most defenses. Hardening identity is therefore the highest-leverage security investment most organizations can make.
"We have MFA" can mean anything from genuinely strong to trivially bypassable. Ranked from strongest to weakest:
| Method | Strength | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| FIDO2 / passkeys / hardware keys | Strongest | Phishing-resistant by design — bound to the origin |
| Authenticator app (TOTP) | Good | Solid, but codes can be phished in real time |
| Push approval | Good* | Strong with number-matching; weak to MFA-fatigue without it |
| SMS / email codes | Weak | SIM-swap and interception — avoid for anything sensitive |
MFA at login is a one-time gate. Conditional access makes trust continuous — evaluating context on every sensitive action:
Strong authentication still hurts if every account can do everything. Limit the blast radius:
For every employee you have many non-human identities (NHI) — service accounts, API keys, OAuth tokens, certificates and secrets. They rarely have MFA, often have broad permissions, and are prime fuel for lateral movement.